連接詞

連接詞分三種: coordinating conjunctions 對等連接詞、subordinating conjunctions 從屬連接詞、 conjunctive adverb 連接詞副詞. ... 要怎麼樣分辨它們呢? 看它在句子裡的 ... skiptomain| skiptosidebar 連接詞 連接詞連接詞定義:連接詞是指將句子中的子句、片語或字連接起來的字。

連接詞分三種:coordinatingconjunctions對等連接詞、subordinatingconjunctions從屬連接詞、conjunctiveadverb連接詞副詞.(1)CoordinatingConjunctions對等連接詞ForCompoundSentences:連接兩個獨立子句這類只有七個,記住的方法是"Fanboys."-For,And,Nor,But,Or,Yet,So要怎麼樣分辨它們呢?看它在句子裡的位置.對等連接詞不能放在句首或句尾,只可以待在中間,有時候它的前面會加逗號.你只要想著對等連接詞很乖,不隨便從中間跑掉.(2)SubordinatingConjunctions從屬連接詞ForComplexSentences:使附屬子句與主要子句之間建立關係這類有蠻多個,想背可以,但很累....although,while,though,evenif,whereas,because,since,as,sothat,inthat,inorderthat,if,unless,providedthat,before,since,until,after,assoonas..........etc.附屬連接詞可以做開頭,放句子中間,但不能放在句尾.例:Becausexxxx,xxxxxxxxxxxxbecausexxxxx它也不會隨便移動.(3)ConjunctiveAdverb連接詞副詞被用來產生兩個觀念之間的複雜關係這種更多,建議不要背....moreover,further,additionally,also,furthermore,however,ontheotherhand,neverhteless,alternaticely,therefore,thus,hence,consequently.......etc.連接詞副詞放那裡都可以,不能用它來連接句子---就是說,當它在句子中間的時候,它的前面要加分號而不是逗號.例:However,xxxxxxxxxxxxxx;however,xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx,however.從屬連接詞(副詞子句)--------從屬連接詞種類繁多，本單元僅就國中教材常見的部分加以說明引導副詞子句的從屬連接詞通常有下列兩種位置：(1)主要子句+從屬連接詞+從屬子句IwashappywhenIheardthenews.(2)從屬連接詞+從屬子句,主要子句WhenIheardthenews,Iwashappy.表示時間的從屬連接詞when＊「當…的時候/期間」=atthetimethat../duringthetimethatIwashappywhenIheardthenews.=WhenIheardthenews,Iwashappy.IputonmyjacketwhenIfeelcold.IvisitedmanymuseumswhenIwasinEngland.Hewastakingashowerwhenthetelephonerang.＊when之中的從屬子句若為未來式需用簡單現在式代替Iwilltellhimthetruthwhenhecomesheretomorrow.(Xwhenhewillcome..)＊從屬子句的主詞若與主要子句的主詞相同則可去掉主詞並將動詞改為動名詞，則when便成為介係詞Whenseeingthepolice,thethiefranawayatonce.(when是介係詞)=Whenthethiefsawthepolice,heranawayatonce.(when是從屬連接詞)while＊「當…時」=duringthetimethat…IwillthinkitoverwhileIamhavingmylunch.WhileIwasstudying,Ifellasleep.IwaswatchingTVwhilemywifewascooking.While(Iwas)inLondon,IvisitedtheBritishMuseum.Strikewhiletheironishot.(【諺】打鐵趁熱)＊when與while的比較when+瞬間動作或持續動作/while+持續動作情境說明：Tomreadanovelfrom1:00to3:00yesterday.Duringthetime,somethingshappened.Thedoorbellrangat1:30.Marygothomeat2:00.Thedoorbellrangwhile/whenTomwasreadinganovel.=While/WhenTomwasreadinganovel,thedoorbellrang.=Tomwasreadinganovelwhenthedoorbellrang.=Whenthedoorbellrang,Tomwasreadinganovel.Marygothomewhen/whenTomwasreadinganovel.=TomwasreadinganovelwhenMarygothome.(X)Whileheheardthebadnews,healmostfainted.(while不能接瞬間動作)(O)Whenheheardthebadnews,healmostfainted.＊as=when/as=while表示某段時間When/While/Ashewasachild,helivedinthecountry.When/While/Astheyweretalking,itbegantorain.表示某個時間When/Ashewasleavingthepark,heheardanoiseunderthebush.＊「雖然」、「然而」Whileheisgoodattennis,heisbadatswimming.（雖然）Heisfat,whilehissonisthin.（然而）until＊「直到…才…」主要子句的動作為瞬間動作come,go,finish,start…，需用否定句，即：not…until…Icouldn’tgohomeuntilIfinishedmyhomework.(我直到完成作業才能回家。

)Ididn’tgotobeduntil(itwas)twelveo’clock.(我直到十二點才睡覺。

)Iwon’tleaveuntilitstopsraining.(我會等到雨停才離開。

)Untilyoutoldme,Ihadnoideaofit.(直到你告訴我，我才知道這件事。

)＊「直到…(為止)」主要子句的動作為持續性動作Iwillstayhereuntilhecomesback.(我會留在這裡直到他回來。

)Iwaitedforhimuntilthestoreclosed.(我等他等到商店關門。

)＊until=till＊not…until…的句型變化Ididn’tknowituntilhecameback.=Ididn’tknowitbeforehecameback.=ItwasnotuntilhecamebackthatIknewit.=NotuntilhecamebackdidIknowit.=OnlywhenhecamebackdidIknowit.after/before＊注意事件發生的先後順序EverydayIeatbreakfast,andthenIgotoschool.AfterIeatbreakfast,Igotoschool.=IgotoschoolafterIeatbreakfast.=BeforeIgotoschool,Ieatbreakfast.=IeatbreakfastbeforeIgotoschool.＊從屬子句中需用簡單現在式代替未來IwilltellyouthetruthafterIfinishthiswork.(Xwillfinish)Whatwillyoudobeforeyougobackhome?(Xwillgo)＊after/before+Ving從屬子句的主詞與主要子句的主詞相同時，則可去掉主詞並將動詞改為Ving，此時的after或before則成為介係詞AfterIgraduatefromcollege,Iwillworkinmyfather’scompany.Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Iwillworkinmyfather’scompany.Besuretowashyourhandsbeforeeating.(=beforeyoueat)＊rightafter….(就在…之後)/soonafter…(…之後馬上…)Hediedrightaftertheaccidenthappened.I’msorrytolearnthatyoustartedtosmokesoonafteryougottoAmerica.＊bythetime=beforeBythetimeyougetthere,itwillbedark.IwillhavefinishcleaningthehousebythetimeMothergetshome.＊not…longbefore…(…不久就…)/…longbefore…(過了一段時間才…)ItwasnotlongbeforeIsawmymistake.(不久我就看到我的錯誤了。

)Ididn’twaitlongbeforesheappeared.(我等了不久她就出現了。

)Iwaslongbeforehecame.(過了一段時間才他才來。

)since＊「自從…以來」(1)現在完成式since+過去式的句子ShehasstudiedEnglishsinceshewasfiveyearsold.Ihaven’tseehersinceshewenttotheUSA.(2)Itis一段時間since….=Ithasbeen~since…(自從…已經~了)Itisayearsincehereturned.=Ithasbeenayearsincehereturned.Threeyearshavepassedsincehewrotetomelast.=Itisthreeyearssincehewrotetomelast.＊「既然」表示理由Sincehewon’thelpme,Ihavetodoitmyself.Sincethereisnobusthere,wehavetowalk.assoonas＊「一…就…」Assoonashesawhismother,hecriedout.Hejumpedassoonasheheardthegoodnews.once＊「一旦；當…的時候」Onceyousawher,youwillfindwhatIsayistrue.Onceyouunderstandthisrule,youwillhavenomoredifficulty.=Assoonasyouunderstandthisrule,youwillhavenomoredifficulty.=Ifyouonceunderstandthisrule,youwillhavenomoredifficulty.everytime＊「每次」Everytimehecomeshere,hewillbringalotoffruittous.表示原因的從屬連接詞because＊「因為」，表示直接的原因Wecan’tplaybasketballoutsidebecauseitisrainingnow.Becausehemadeabigmistake,hewaspunishedbyourteacher.＊because不與對等連接詞so(所以)同時出現(X)Becauseitisraining,sowecan’tplaybasketballoutside.(O)Becauseitisraining,wecan’tplaybasketballoutside.(O)Itisraining,sowecan’tplaybasketballoutside.＊because在否定句時，not可能修飾動詞，也有可能修飾because所引導的副詞子句IdidnotgobecauseIwasafraid.(not修飾go,“我沒有去，因為我害怕。

”)IdidnotgobecauseIwasafraid.(not修飾because子句，”我並不因為害怕才去。

”)依照句義可明顯看出只有一種涵義合理Hedidnotcomebecausehewantedtoseeme.(X)他沒來，因為他想見我。

(O)他並非因為想見我才來。

Hecannotgotoschoolbecauseheissick.(O)他無法去上學因為他生病了。

(X)他並不因為生病才去上學。

WeshouldnotstudyEnglishjustbecauseitisaschoolsubject.(O)我們不因該只是因為英語是學科才學它。

如果because前面有逗號，則not必定修飾動詞Ididnotgo,becauseIwasafraid.(我沒去，因為我害怕。

)＊Thereason(why)is….that….Shedecidednottogobecauseshehadnomoney.Thereason(why)shedecidednottogowasthatshehadnomoney.＊notbecause…butbecause…(不是因為…而是因為…)=notthat…butthat…IeatvegetablesnotbecauseIlikethembutbecausetheyaregoodforthehealth.NotthatIloveCaesarless,butthatIlovedRomemore.---Shakespear,JuliusCaesar＊because+子句/becauseof+名詞Ididn’tgobecauseitrained.=Ididn’tgobecauseofrain.表示目的的從屬連接詞sothat/inorderthat＊「為了…；以便…」Iwillputitonthewallsothateverybodymaylookatit.Hestudieshardinorderthathecanpasstheexam.＊只有inorderthat可放句首Inorderthatwecouldunderstandwhathesaid,hespokeveryslowly.＊inorderto(=to)+VR/for+名詞Bettygotupearlyinordertocatchtheearlytrain.=Tocatchtheearlytrain,Bettygotupearly.=Bettygotupearlyfortheearlytrain.表示結果的從屬連接詞so…that…＊「如此…以致於…」so+形容詞/副詞+that+完整的句子TheboxwassoheavythatIcouldn’tmoveit.Thegirlissolovelythateveryonelikesher.HespokesofastthatIcouldn’tunderstandwhathesaid.such…that…＊「如此/這樣的…以致於…」such+名詞+that+完整的句子Wewereinsuchahurrythatwemadesomanymistakes.Heissuchafoolthathebelieveseverythinghisgirlfriendtellshim.＊『a單數名詞+形容詞』such+a+adj.+n.+that…so+adj.+a+n.+that…Sheissuchagoodgirlthateveryonelikesher.Sheissogoodagirlthateveryonelikesher.＊『複數/不可數名詞+形容詞』such+adj.+n.+that…Theyaresuchsmartboysthattheyknowhowsolvealltheproblems.HecanspeaksuchgoodEnglishthathehasmoreopportunitiesthanothers.＊『複數/不可數名詞+many/much/few/little』so+many/much/few/little+n.+that…Therearesomanycarsthatthepolicemanhastroublecontrollingthetraffic.IhavesomuchhomeworktodaythatIcan’tfinishitinanhour.＊下列情形的that並非表示「以致於」的意思，而是名詞子句Iamsohappythatallofyoucancometomyparty.(X)我是如此的高興以致於你們全都來參加我的宴會。

(O)我很高興你們全都來參加我的宴會。

so(that)＊「所以」Heworkedveryhard,sothathebecamerichinaveryshorttime.ItrainedhardsothatIdidn’thavetowatertheflowers.＊sothat可引導表目的的句子；也可引導表結果的句子。

Hespokeclearly,sothateveryonecouldheard.[表結果]他說得很清楚，所以每個人都聽到了。

Hespokeclearly,sothateveryonecouldheard.[表目的]他說得很清楚，以便每個人都能聽到。

表示條件的從屬連接詞if＊「如果」條件句中的未來式需用簡單現在式代替Ifitisfinetomorrow,wewillgoonapicnic.Wewillgocampingifitdoesn’traintomorrow.＊if還可以作when/whenever解釋Ifhecomes,Iwilltellhimtruth.=Whenhecomes,Iwilltellhimthetruth.Ifhewantsmoney,heasksforhismother.=Wheneverhewantsmoney,he…＊ifonly「只要」Iwillletyougoifonlyyoucanfinishyourworkinanhour.Ifyouonlyreadthisbookcarefully,youwillknowmoreaboutthewriter.＊onlyif「只有」Itoldhimhecouldpasstheexamonlyifhestudiedhard.Onlyifitisniceoutsidecanwehavethepicnic.aslongas/solongas＊「只要」Iwilllendyoumybicycleaslongasyoucanlendmeyourcomputer.Aslongashecomeshereontime,wecanhavethemeeting.unless＊「除非」if…not…的加強語氣Thebabywillnevercryunlessheishungry.Youwillnotpasstheexamunlessyoustudyhard.once＊「一旦」=ifyou…;assoonasOnceyouhearthestory,youwillneverforgetit.Onceyouunderstandthetips,youwillhavenomoredifficulty.Where…there…＊「若…則…」Wherethereisnofire,thereisnosmoke.(【諺】無風不起浪)Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.(【諺】有志者事竟成)Wherethereisnorain,thereisnofarming.表示讓步的從屬連接詞although/though＊「雖然」Althoughhedoesn’tlikehisjob,hestillhastodoit.AlthoughIhaveknownhimfortenyears,Ihaveneverbeentohishome.＊不可與對等連接詞but同時出現(X)AlthoughIamtirednow,butIstillhavetowork.(O)AlthoughIamtirednow,Istillhavetowork.=Iamtirednow,butIstillhavetowork.＊主要子句可以加上yet或still來加強語氣AlthoughIbelieveit,yetIwillnotactnow.Althoughheispoor,hestillliveshappily.evenif/eventhough＊「即使，雖然」Evenifheisoftenabsent,hisgradesarestillexcellent.Wewillstillgocampingevenifitrainstomorrow.＊比較ifIfitrainstomorrow,wewillnotgocamping.=Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,wewillgocamping.Evenifitrainstomorrow,wewillgocamping.=Whetheritrainstomorrowornot,wewillgocamping.whether…ornot＊「無論…」Whetheryoulikeitornot,youwillhavetodoit.Thegamewillstartontimewhetherhecomesornot.＊whetherAorB,…A與B為相反詞Iwillgowhetheritrainsorshines.Whetherwewinorlose,wearegoingtodoourbest.Whetheryougoorstay,youmustpaythebill.＊與名詞子句「是否whetherornot」比較Idon’tknowwhetherhewillcomeornot.[名詞子句，保留原時態](我不知道是否他會來。

)(ornot可以省略)Iwilldoitwhetherhecomesornot.[從屬連接詞，現在式代替未來式](無論他來到與否，我仍將做這件事。

)(ornot不可以省略nomatter+疑問詞=疑問詞-ever＊「無論…」Nomatterwho(=Whoever)comes,hewillbewelcome.(無論誰來都受歡迎。

)Nomatterwhat(=Whatever)youdo,doitwell.(無論你做什麼，都要好好地去做。

)Nomatterwhereyoulive,youcannotbehappywithoutafriend.Nomatterwhenmymothergoesshopping,shetakesmewithher,andmakesmecarryallshebuys. 較新的文章 較舊的文章 首頁 網誌存檔 ▼  2009 (17) ▼  九月 (13) SPEAKTELLSAY 英國英語和美國英語標點符號的差異 連接詞 副詞 COMMASAFTERINSTRODUCTIONS 如何使用標點符號 INVERTEDSENTENCE倒裝句 句子結合的技巧 進行式、狀態與動態動詞 副詞子句 斜體字與加底線 名詞子句 形容詞子句 ►  八月 (4) Referencewebs NeihuiSeniorHighSchoolEnglishGrammerhttp://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/607/03/http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/quizzes/nova/nova2.htmhttp://englishplus.com/grammar/00000074.htmhttp://www.cybertranslator.idv.tw/grammar/grammar.htmhttp://www.ep66.com.tw/QA1.htmhttp://www.kentlaw.edu/academics/lrw/grinker/LwtaEllipses.htm