Keras Tutorial | Deep Learning with Python - Javatpoint

Keras is an open-source high-level Neural Network library, which is written in Python is capable enough to run on Theano, TensorFlow, or CNTK. It was developed ... ⇧SCROLLTOTOP Home Java Keras JavaScript Bootstrap C HTML XHTML CSS jQuery XML JSON Comment Forum Training KerasTutorial KerasTutorial InstallationofKeraslibraryinAnaconda KerasBackends KerasModels Keraslayers KerasModels KerasModelclass KerasSequentialclass KerasLayers KerasCoreLayers ConvolutionalLayer PoolingLayers Locally-Connectedlayers RecurrentLayers EmbeddingLayers KerasMergeLayers DeepLearningLibrary DeepLearning ArtificialNeuralNetwork ConvolutionalNeuralNetwork RecurrentNeuralNetwork Self-OrganizingMaps MegaCaseStudy RestrictedBoltzmannMachine next→ KerasTutorial Kerasisanopen-sourcehigh-levelNeuralNetworklibrary,whichiswritteninPythoniscapableenoughtorunonTheano,TensorFlow,orCNTK.ItwasdevelopedbyoneoftheGoogleengineers,FrancoisChollet.Itismadeuser-friendly,extensible,andmodularforfacilitatingfasterexperimentationwithdeepneuralnetworks.ItnotonlysupportsConvolutionalNetworksandRecurrentNetworksindividuallybutalsotheircombination. Itcannothandlelow-levelcomputations,soitmakesuseoftheBackendlibrarytoresolveit.Thebackendlibraryactasahigh-levelAPIwrapperforthelow-levelAPI,whichletsitrunonTensorFlow,CNTK,orTheano. Initially,ithadover4800contributorsduringitslaunch,whichnowhasgoneupto250,000developers.Ithasa2Xgrowtheversinceeveryyearithasgrown.BigcompanieslikeMicrosoft,Google,NVIDIA,andAmazonhaveactivelycontributedtothedevelopmentofKeras.Ithasanamazingindustryinteraction,anditisusedinthedevelopmentofpopularfirmslikesNetflix,Uber,Google,Expedia,etc. WhatmakesKerasspecial? FocusonuserexperiencehasalwaysbeenamajorpartofKeras. Largeadoptionintheindustry. Itisamultibackendandsupportsmulti-platform,whichhelpsalltheencoderscometogetherforcoding. ResearchcommunitypresentforKerasworksamazinglywiththeproductioncommunity. Easytograspallconcepts. Itsupportsfastprototyping. ItseamlesslyrunsonCPUaswellasGPU. Itprovidesthefreedomtodesignanyarchitecture,whichthenlaterisutilizedasanAPIfortheproject. Itisreallyverysimpletogetstartedwith. EasyproductionofmodelsactuallymakesKerasspecial. Kerasuserexperience KerasisanAPIdesignedforhumans BestpracticesarefollowedbyKerastodecreasecognitiveload,ensuresthatthemodelsareconsistent,andthecorrespondingAPIsaresimple. Notdesignedformachines Kerasprovidesclearfeedbackupontheoccurrenceofanyerrorthatminimizesthenumberofuseractionsforthemajorityofthecommonusecases. Easytolearnanduse. HighlyFlexible Kerasprovidehighflexibilitytoallofitsdevelopersbyintegratinglow-leveldeeplearninglanguagessuchasTensorFloworTheano,whichensuresthatanythingwritteninthebaselanguagecanbeimplementedinKeras. HowKerassupporttheclaimofbeingmulti-backendandmulti-platform? KerascanbedevelopedinRaswellasPython,suchthatthecodecanberunwithTensorFlow,Theano,CNTK,orMXNetaspertherequirement.KerascanberunonCPU,NVIDIAGPU,AMDGPU,TPU,etc.ItensuresthatproducingmodelswithKerasisreallysimpleasittotallysupportstorunwithTensorFlowserving,GPUacceleration(WebKeras,Keras.js),Android(TF,TFLite),iOS(NativeCoreML)andRaspberryPi. KerasBackend Kerasbeingamodel-levellibraryhelpsindevelopingdeeplearningmodelsbyofferinghigh-levelbuildingblocks.Allthelow-levelcomputationssuchasproductsofTensor,convolutions,etc.arenothandledbyKerasitself,rathertheydependonaspecializedtensormanipulationlibrarythatiswelloptimizedtoserveasabackendengine.Kerashasmanageditsoperfectlythatinsteadofincorporatingonesinglelibraryoftensorandperformingoperationsrelatedtothatparticularlibrary,itofferspluggingofdifferentbackendenginesintoKeras. Kerasconsistofthreebackendengines,whichareasfollows: TensorFlow TensorFlowisaGoogleproduct,whichisoneofthemostfamousdeeplearningtoolswidelyusedintheresearchareaofmachinelearninganddeepneuralnetwork.Itcameintothemarketon9thNovember2015undertheApacheLicense2.0.ItisbuiltinsuchawaythatitcaneasilyrunonmultipleCPUsandGPUsaswellasonmobileoperatingsystems.ItconsistsofvariouswrappersindistinctlanguagessuchasJava,C++,orPython. Theano TheanowasdevelopedattheUniversityofMontreal,Quebec,Canada,bytheMILAgroup.Itisanopen-sourcepythonlibrarythatiswidelyusedforperformingmathematicaloperationsonmulti-dimensionalarraysbyincorporatingscipyandnumpy.ItutilizesGPUsforfastercomputationandefficientlycomputesthegradientsbybuildingsymbolicgraphsautomatically.Ithascomeouttobeverysuitableforunstableexpressions,asitfirstobservesthemnumericallyandthencomputesthemwithmorestablealgorithms. CNTK MicrosoftCognitiveToolkitisdeeplearning'sopen-sourceframework.Itconsistsofallthebasicbuildingblocks,whicharerequiredtoformaneuralnetwork.ThemodelsaretrainedusingC++orPython,butitincorporatesC#orJavatoloadthemodelformakingpredictions. AdvantagesofKeras Kerasencompassesthefollowingadvantages,whichareasfollows: Itisveryeasytounderstandandincorporatethefasterdeploymentofnetworkmodels. IthashugecommunitysupportinthemarketasmostoftheAIcompaniesarekeenonusingit. Itsupportsmultibackend,whichmeansyoucanuseanyoneofthemamongTensorFlow,CNTK,andTheanowithKerasasabackendaccordingtoyourrequirement. Sinceithasaneasydeployment,italsoholdssupportforcross-platform.FollowingarethedevicesonwhichKerascanbedeployed: iOSwithCoreML AndroidwithTensorFlowAndroid Webbrowserwith.jssupport Cloudengine Raspberrypi ItsupportsDataparallelism,whichmeansKerascanbetrainedonmultipleGPU'sataninstanceforspeedingupthetrainingtimeandprocessingahugeamountofdata. DisadvantagesofKeras TheonlydisadvantageisthatKerashasitsownpre-configuredlayers,andifyouwanttocreateanabstractlayer,itwon'tletyoubecauseitcannothandlelow-levelAPIs.Itonlysupportshigh-levelAPIrunningonthetopofthebackendengine(TensorFlow,Theano,andCNTK). Prerequisite ThisKerastutorialismadeforbothbeginnersandprofessionals,tohelpthemunderstandthefundamentalconceptofKeras.Afterthecompletionofthistutorial,youwillfindyourselfatamoderatelevelofexpertisefromwhereyoucantakeyourselftothenextlevel. Audience SinceKerasisadeeplearning'shigh-levellibrary,soyouarerequiredtohavehands-onPythonlanguageaswellasbasicknowledgeoftheneuralnetwork. Problem Weassureyouthatyouwillnotfindanydifficultyinthistutorial.Incaseyoucomeupwithaquery,oryoufindanymistakeinthistutorial,doletusknowbypostingitinthecontactformsothatwecanfurtherimproveit. 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